Recommended Node Specifications

Running a Celestium node requires robust hardware to ensure optimal performance, network stability, and seamless participation in consensus processes. The following hardware specifications are recommended for validators and full nodes.

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1. Validator Node Requirements

Validator nodes play a critical role in block production and consensus. These nodes must meet higher performance standards due to their responsibilities within the CelesBFT and Proof of Authority + AI (PoAi) consensus mechanisms.

Component	Recommended Specification
CPU	8-core (16-thread) CPU, 3.0 GHz or higher (e.g., AMD Ryzen 9 / Intel Xeon)
RAM	32 GB DDR4 or higher
Storage	2 TB NVMe SSD (High-speed, for fast state access and block storage)
Network	1 Gbps dedicated connection (low latency)
Operating System	Linux (Ubuntu 22.04 LTS recommended)
GPU (Optional)	NVIDIA GPU (e.g., RTX 3080 or higher) for AI-enhanced validation tasks

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2. Full Node Requirements

Full nodes maintain a complete copy of the blockchain, validate blocks and transactions, and support network stability.

Component	Recommended Specification
CPU	4-core (8-thread) CPU, 2.5 GHz or higher
RAM	16 GB DDR4 or higher
Storage	1 TB SSD (NVMe preferred)
Network	500 Mbps connection (low latency)
Operating System	Linux (Ubuntu 22.04 LTS recommended)

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3. Archive Node (Optional)

Archive nodes store the entire history of the blockchain, including pruned state data, and are mainly used by blockchain explorers, data analytics, and research applications.

Component	Recommended Specification
CPU	16-core (32-thread) CPU, 3.2 GHz or higher
RAM	64 GB DDR4 or higher
Storage	8 TB NVMe SSD
Network	1 Gbps dedicated connection
Operating System	Linux (Ubuntu 22.04 LTS recommended)

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4. System Performance Considerations

• High-Performance Disk I/O: Essential for Celestium’s CelesDb, which optimizes state storage access.

• Parallel and Asynchronous Execution: Multi-core processors significantly improve transaction throughput.

• GPU Acceleration: Enhances AI-driven validator operations and improves fraud detection efficiency in PoAi consensus.

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5. Security Recommendations

• Enable firewalls and restrict access to RPC and P2P ports.

• Implement DDoS protection for validator nodes.

• Use dedicated servers or cloud infrastructure with high uptime guarantees (e.g., AWS, Google Cloud, or bare-metal providers).

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6. Example Server Build for Validator Node

Component	Example Build
CPU	AMD Ryzen 9 5950X (16 cores, 32 threads, 3.4 GHz)
RAM	64 GB DDR4
Storage	Samsung 980 Pro 2TB NVMe SSD
Network	1 Gbps Fiber Connection
OS	Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
GPU	NVIDIA RTX 3090 (for AI acceleration)

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7. Summary

Node Type	CPU Cores	RAM	Storage	Network	GPU (Optional)
Validator	8+	32 GB	2 TB SSD	1 Gbps	High-end GPU
Full Node	4+	16 GB	1 TB SSD	500 Mbps	Not required
Archive Node	16+	64 GB	8 TB SSD	1 Gbps	Not required

Investing in robust hardware ensures stability, security, and high throughput, aligning with Celestium’s goal of achieving 10,000 transactions per second through cutting-edge blockchain architecture.